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Table of Contents

Preschool Children and the Media

1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2. Print Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3. Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

A. Newborn to 18 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

B. 18 months to 4 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4. Television . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

A. Neonates, infants, and toddlers

(0-18 months) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

B. Age 2 to 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

C. Learning gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

D. Long term effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

E. Other programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

F. Special considerations: Violent content . . . . . 17

5. Video and Computer Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

6. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Afterword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Additional Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Book Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

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